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71.
低温加剧氯化钠对蓝藻固氮的抑制,营养液中氯化钠浓度增高时,抑制程度更甚.能源受限(暗处理和加抑制剂时的光合受抑,N_2和Ar的厌氧下呼吸代谢受阻)和氧下固氮酶受到伤害时,低温处理使氯化钠对蓝藻固氮的抑制进一步加剧.在能源和还原剂供应,合成固氨酶蛋白的物质基础(如CO_2和N_2的加合).光合作用正常进行的条件得到改善和保证,以及供应CO_2、外源蔗糖和氮氧加合时,低温加剧氯化钠对蓝藻固氮的抑制程度明显变小.  相似文献   
72.
本文综述了小RNA病毒和小DNA病毒的主要结构特征,绘制出了它们的三维结构模型,从中找出了两者间的共同点和差异,为进一步研究两种病毒提供了依据。  相似文献   
73.
Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) exerts potential roles in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The current study elucidated the role of miR-30b-5p shuttled by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes in treating NSCLC. Bioinformatics analysis was performed with NSCLC-related miRNA microarray GSE169587 and mRNA data GSE74706 obtained for collection of the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs. The relationship between miR-30b-5p and EZH2 was predicted and confirmed. Exosomes were isolated from BMSCs and identified. BMSCs-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-30b-5p were used to establish subcutaneous tumorigenesis models to study the effects of miR-30b-5p, EZH2 and PI3K/AKT signalling pathway on tumour growth. A total of 86 BMSC-exo-miRNAs were differentially expressed in NSCLC. Bioinfomatics analysis found that BMSC-exo-miR-30b-5p could regulate NSCLC progression by targeting EZH2, which was verified by in vitro cell experiments. Besides, the target genes of miR-30b-5p were enriched in PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Animal experiments validated that BMSC-exo-miR-30b-5p promoted NSCLC cell apoptosis and prevented tumorigenesis in nude mice via EZH2/PI3K/AKT axis. Collectively, the inhibitory role of BMSC-derived exosomes-loaded miR-30b-5p in NSCLC was achieved through blocking the EZH2/PI3K/AKT axis.  相似文献   
74.
李寅 《生物工程学报》2023,39(3):807-841
本文对2022年《生物工程学报》发表的与合成生物制造相关的综述和研究论文进行了评述,重点讨论了DNA测序、DNA合成、DNA编辑、基因表达调控和数学细胞模型等底层技术,酶的设计、改造和应用技术,化学品生物催化、氨基酸及其衍生物、有机酸、天然化合物、抗生素与活性肽、功能多糖、功能蛋白质等重要产品的生物制造技术,一碳化合物和生物质原料利用技术以及合成微生物组技术,以帮助读者从一个侧面了解合成生物制造相关技术和产业的发展情况。  相似文献   
75.
Genetic identification of exported proteins in Streptococcus pneumoniae   总被引:18,自引:3,他引:15  
A strategy was developed to mutate and genetically identify exported proteins in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Vectors were created and used to screen pneumococcal DNA in Escherichia coli and S. pneumoniae for translational gene fusions to alkaline phosphatase (PhoA), Twenty five PhoA+ pneumococcal mutants were isolated and the loci from eight of these mutants showed similarity to known exported or membrane-associated proteins. Homologues were found to: (i) protein-dependent peptide permeases, (ii) penicillin-binding proteins, (iii) Cip proteases, (iv) two-component sensor regulators, (v) the phospho-enolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase permeases, (vi) membrane-associated dehydrogenases, (vii) P-type (E1E2-type) cation transport ATPases, (viii) ABC transporters responsible for the translocation of the RTX class of bacterial toxins. Unexpectedly one PhoA+ mutant contained a fusion to a member of the DEAD protein family of ATP-dependent RNA helicases suggesting export of these proteins.  相似文献   
76.
Zhang  Lixia  Chang  Qingshan  Hou  Xiaogai  Wang  Jianzhang  Chen  Sudan  Zhang  Qiaoming  Wang  Zi  Yin  Yan  Liu  Jianke 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2023,42(3):1631-1646

In this study, two herbaceous peony cultivars with different heat tolerances (‘Fenyunu’ FYN low sensitivity and ‘Qiaoling’ QL high sensitivity) were used as research materials. An integrated view of the factors underlying the decrease in photosynthetic rate under high-temperature (HT) stress was provided by analyzing the biochemical parameters, chloroplast ultrastructure, gas-exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, and modulated 820 nm reflection of herbaceous peony leaves. The results showed that hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, malondialdehyde, and electrical conductivity increased significantly, while the photosynthetic pigments content and photosynthetic capacity decreased significantly in QL than in FYN under HT. The contents of soluble sugars and proline increased greatly in FYN than in QL, while the activity of SOD decreased markedly in QL than in FYN after HT. Compared with FYN, the ultrastructure of QL was more seriously disrupted under HT. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed that HT changed the shapes of OJIP curve, resulting in the increase of K phase and J phase. The PSII acceptor side was more damaged than the donor side, and the electron transfer was seriously blocked. The energy flow in the process of light energy absorption, capture, and electron transfer were significantly changed after HT stress. Meanwhile, PSI was also significantly inhibited, and the coordination of both photosystems decreased. The variation of these parameters in FYN was less than that in QL. These results suggested that FYN featured a more heat-tolerance ability as evidenced by the good performances on the antioxidant system, osmoregulatory capacity, and the thermostability of membranes and photosystems.

  相似文献   
77.
森林凋落物与大型土壤动物相关关系的研究   总被引:24,自引:6,他引:18  
以针阔混交林及落叶阔叶林为例,探讨了森林凋落物与大型土壤动物的相关关系。研究表明,森林凋落物中大型土壤动物的个体数依林型、凋落物厚度、凋落物量不同而异,凋落物的分解程度影响大型土壤动物的种类、数量分布,凋落物中矿质元素含量与大型土壤动物体内矿质元素含量相关较好,凋落物中微量元素含量与大型土壤动物体内微量元素含量明显不相关。本研究为揭示大型土壤动物在凋落物分解中的作用,进而为森林的经营和保护提供科学依据。  相似文献   
78.
边琦  王成  程贺  韩丹  赵伊琳  殷鲁秦 《生物多样性》2023,31(1):22080-67
鸣声是鸟类之间进行沟通和传递信息的重要方式,这为通过声学监测评估鸟类多样性提供了独特的机会。利用声学指数快速评估生物多样性是一种新兴的调查方法,但城市森林中的复杂声环境可能会导致声学指数的指示结果出现偏差。为了解声学指数在城市森林中应用的可行性,本研究在北京市东郊森林公园设置了50个矩阵式调查样点,于2021年4–6月每月进行1次鸟类传统观测和同步鸣声采集,通过比较两种方法的结果来探究声学监测的有效性。采用Spearman相关分析和广义线性混合模型评估6个常用声学指数与鸟类丰富度和多度的关系,并衡量了每个指数的性能。结果表明:(1)本研究共记录到鸟类10目23科35种,通过声学监听识别的总物种数与传统鸟类观测相等,但具体鸟种存在差异;(2)不同月份间声学指数与鸟类丰富度和多度的相关性有明显差别,声学复杂度指数(ACI)和标准化声景差异指数(NDSI)优于其他指数,是评估鸟类多样性的关键变量;(3)声学指数对鸟类多度的预测能力(R2m=0.32,R2c=0.80)要高于丰富度(R2m=0.12,R2c=0.18)。声学指数为快速评估生物多样性提...  相似文献   
79.
Herein, we report the design, synthesis and evaluation of novel (E)-3-(3-oxo-4-substituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-N-hydroxypropenamides ( 4 a – i , 7 a – g ) targeting histone deacetylases. Three human cancer cell lines were used to test the cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds (SW620, colon; PC-3, prostate; NCI−H23, lung cancer); inhibitory activity towards HDAC; anticancer activity; as well as their impact on the cell cycle and apoptosis. As a result, compounds 4 a – i bearing the alkyl substituents seemed to be less potent than the benzyl-containing compounds 7 a – g in all biological assays. Compounds 7 e – f were found to be the most active HDAC inhibitors with IC50 of 1.498±0.020 μM and 1.794±0.159 μM, respectively. In terms of cytotoxicity and anticancer assay, 7 e and 7 f also showed good activity with IC50 values in the micromolar range. In addition, the cell cycle and apoptosis of SW620 were affected by compound 7 f in almost a similar manner to that of reference compound SAHA. Docking assays were carried out for analysis the binding mode and selectivity of this compound toward 8 HDAC isoforms. Overall, our data confirmed that the inhibition of HDAC plays a pivotal role in their anticancer activity.  相似文献   
80.
Five new ent-pimarane diterpenes ( 1 – 5 ) and five known analogs ( 6 – 10 ) were isolated from the aerial parts of Siegesbeckia pubescens. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods especially 1D and 2D NMR and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculations. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against human BT549, A549 and H157 cancer cell lines. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 showed mild cytotoxicity against lung cancer cell lines H157 with IC50 values of 16.35±2.59 and 18.86±4.83 μM, respectively.  相似文献   
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